Why You Shouldnt Experiment on Your Sibling free essay sample

Looking back, my mom truly should have employed a sitter. The trust she set in my sister Stella, under three years my senior, to shield me from jeopardizing myself or others was genuinely amazing. Stella frequently left me to my own gadgets, which means I burned through most summer days running tests dependent on the most recent scene of Mythbusters I had seen. Occasionally I developed examples of shape in clingy notes, different days I built inflatable controlled rockets. The day I learned birch bark was exceptionally combustible was that day I realized what a consume boycott was†¦ And about harmed my sister. Adam Savage once expressed, â€Å"The coolest toys dont must be purchased; they can be manufactured. Indeed, now and then the main way theyll exist is on the off chance that you make them yourself.† This demonstrated genuine one summer day when my mother left for a standard staple excursion and I wandered outside to perceive how I could engage myself. We will compose a custom article test on Why You Shouldnt Experiment on Your Sibling or on the other hand any comparative theme explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page A thought started when I meandered past our birch tree (being the biggest one in the region, I never could get my fingers to meet when I embraced it). I reviewed that birch tree husk contained a combustible oil that made it perfect for fuel in an endurance circumstance. I stripped a strong armful of papery bark of the huge tree and set it on the rock carport. Of the numerous different articles stowing away around the property, a soot square sat, shrouded in ivy, next to the carport. I envision a young lady conveying an ash square like a calf would’ve been a significant sight. I carried the square to the garage, wiped it off, stuffed the two areas with smidgens of birch bark, and hurried to get my amplifying glass. You can likely observe where this is going. As I headed back outside, I got a bundle of wieners and a metal stick. I went to work, calculating the amplifying glass perfectly and in a matter of moments, I had a decent fire in my ash square. (Without a doubt, fire isn' t actually a â€Å"toy†, however I made it myself.) I simmered two or three wieners before extinguishing my improvised firepit. Head held high, smiling like an imbecile, I gladly introduced the franks to my sister who was sensibly dazzled with my accomplishment, also. I before long found it would be a long time before she would eat anything I arranged for her. I didn't comprehend why my mother was so exasperated when she showed up home that day, all things considered, I made Stella lunch. Be that as it may, a frigid rush of frenzy spread through me when my mother clarified that she had as of late rewarded our record-sized birch tree’s bark with a pesticide to keep it solid. â€Å"How ironic,† I thought before sobbing uncontrollably, shocked that I may have harmed my sister. Toxic substance Control educated my sister to drink a lot of water and possibly look for clinical assistance if side effects create. Fortunately, Stella was totally fine in the wake of ingest ing the spoiled mutts. In spite of the fact that I was grounded from my â€Å"research equipment† including my amplifying glass, I increased a higher gratefulness for my sister that day. In the end, she pardoned me and now we generally share a snicker about the birch bark sausages. Each remorseless trick, test gone amiss, and enthusiastic provocation that occurred in our childhoods has united us. Having a sitter may have forestalled numerous flawed exercises, however restraining a child’s normal interest of the encompassing scene would likewise stunt the live-and-learn component vital for self-improvement. As the Mythbusters oftentimes stated, â€Å"Failure is consistently an option.† Because without disappointment there is no space to develop.

Injury Prevention Intervention (Driving injury in young people)

Presentation Studies show that the significant casualties of street driving are the youngsters. Truth be told, age, sex and freshness are among the variables putting at higher dangers of driving wounds. For example, because of the age, youngsters are unequipped for viably evaluating their capacities and frequently test their cutoff points above other individuals.Advertising We will compose a custom report test on Injury Prevention Intervention (Driving injury in youngsters) explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More Dodge (2011) contends that the underdevelopment of the kids cerebrums represents their powerlessness to appraise their driving abilities. Further, the pieces of the mind entrusted with creation of decisions are as yet experiencing advancement subsequently affecting conduct when driving. In addition, constant judgment about driving activities frequently occupies youthful unpracticed drivers. As far as sexual direction, the guys are increasingly presented to the dangers of street wounds because of rush and impression looking for activities, driving at over the top speeds just as inability to utilize safety belts. Wounds from street traffic represent bigger extent of the reason for passings among youngsters around the world. Exactly, roughly 400,000 individuals younger than a quarter century kick the bucket every year because of street wounds. Hanson, Vardon, McFarlane, Lloyd, Muller, Durrheim (2010) examined the patterns of passings brought about by mishaps in youngsters and announced that an enormous level of the passings occur among youthful cyclists, motorcyclists and drivers. The traffic wounds are avertable. Truth be told, a few intercessions have demonstrated important in tending to the peril viewpoints just as reducing the paces of driving wounds. In such manner, the World Health Organization (WHO) distributed various intercessions that are noteworthy in lessening driving wounds during the United Nations Global Road Safety Week. For example, partition of different kinds of street clients, decrease of driving velocity and not driving when flushed just as doing graduated permitting plans for understudy drivers are basic for the decrease of driving wounds. The study of disease transmission of driving wounds among youngsters Among the driving wounds experienced worldwide among youngsters, liquor is considered as a significant supporter of street impacts and fatalities. Indeed, contemplates affirm that high blood liquor fixations present more serious dangers of crashing.Advertising Looking for report on wellbeing medication? How about we check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Hingson and Heeren (2010) contend that enormous extents of youthful male drivers between the ages twenty-two to forty-five frequently drink liquor before driving which improves the probability of deadly crashes. As indicated by the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA), forty-one percent of street mishaps emerge from liquor related accidents. Levenson, Hingson and Heeren (2010) shows that age is fundamental in deciding the measure of blood liquor fixation in the body. National Roadside Survey and NHTSA information show that youthful drivers between the ages of 16 and 20 have the most noteworthy substance of blood liquor fixation (BAC). For instance, the male drivers between the ages of sixteen and twenty whose BAC is over 0.15 records for around 15, 550 people contrasted with their female partners representing evaluated 700 and forty individuals. Data from the Fatality Analysis Reporting System (FARS) demonstrates critical variances in driving wounds across sexual directions, age and naiveté. Rivara and MacKenzie (2012) examined sexual orientation variety concerning hazard introduction of youngsters to mishap and announced that guys are presented to higher dangers of car crashes. For example, in 2012, guys represented roughly 80% of the traffic passings. Likewise, men represent forty-six percent of liquor related accidents contrasted with 30% traffic related passings represented by females. On age, youthful and moderately aged grown-ups are the most engaged with street mishaps. For instance, individuals matured between the ages sixteen and twenty-nine make up fifty-five percent of traffic passings contrasted with seven percent of people with more than sixty-five years. Klassen, MacKay and Moher (2010) attest that speeding is likewise a noteworthy reason for wounds among youthful drivers. As a matter of fact, 40% of drivers engaged with lethal car accidents had high BAC of 0ver 0.15 percent. Also, youthful drivers frequently neglect to wear security safety belts expanding their dangers to street accidents and wounds. As indicated by NHTSA (2003), more noteworthy extents youthful drivers who suffered street crashes wore security belts.Advertising We will compose a custom report test on Injury Prevention Intervention (Driving injury in youngste rs) explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More Young drivers indicted for driving drunk require appraisals on liquor misuse or reliance just as go to liquor treatment. As indicated by Mothers Against Drunk Driving (MADD), the executives of sentenced driving under the influence guilty party trims down the repletion of the offense by around 10%. Further, O’Malley and Wagenaar (2009) contend that to decrease wounds from liquor related mishaps, legitimate drinking ages ought to be upheld at least twenty-one years to keep youngsters from over the top drinking. Setting BAC cutoff points and seizing driving licenses of traffic wrongdoers are basic. Current preventive methodologies Various preventive measures are as of now set up to moderate mishap related wounds. Be that as it may, it is basic to comprehend which preventive methodology is progressively viable. Wallace (2012) contemplated the present and past mishap preventive measures and reasoned that the result of any program on mishap decrease relies upon the adequacy of defensive estimates set up. Gielen and Sleet (2013) additionally considered a few procedures that are right now set up to forestall wounds on youngsters. As per Gielen and Sleet (2013) study, the patterns demonstrate that in spite of the preventive measures, the probability for youngsters associated with wounds is expanding. The wounds preventive techniques incorporate obligatory youngster limitation use laws, which include different suggested executions including implementation by the police. The methodology is emphatically suggested especially when the police are associated with its enforceability. Required youngster limitation use laws likewise incorporate the utilization of safety belts. The suggestions are that when wellbeing seats are appropriately introduced and utilized properly the danger of wounds are decreased by over 70% in babies while youngsters over the age of one, the decrease rate is over 54%. The preventive mea sures have end up being viable especially where authorization is operational. Other than the youngster limitation use laws techniques, different systems, for example, the utilization of safety belts, liquor hindered driving, evening time driving prohibitive time limitation and obligatory protective cap use laws to forestall motorbike wounds have been practically speaking to forestall wounds identified with mishaps on youthful people.Advertising Searching for report on wellbeing medication? We should check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Find out More Be that as it may, as indicated by Zaza and Thompson (2011), the methodologies have different impediments including enforceability and usage. By and large, the procedures are to be actualized by the police who frequently have constrained limit. What's more, the systems have a restricted objective. For example, the required youngster limitation use laws just focuses on the kid wellbeing seats. Nonetheless, Wagenaar, Murray, and Geban (2010) contend that the preventive measures are not thorough. New procedures should be set up to forestall further wounds on youngsters. Truth be told, the new techniques ought to be creative, handily comprehended and applied. What's more, the new methodologies ought to be viable especially where youngsters are included. Objectives and destinations The significant objective of the present mediations is to decrease wounds identified with engine vehicle mishaps on youngsters by over 80%. Nonetheless, every mediation has explicit objectives. For example, the liquor weakened driving fundamental goal is to decrease the quantity of grown-ups driving while at the same time conveying youngsters just as forestalling driving while alcoholic. As Shults, Elder and Sleet (2011) showed, the quantity of liquor related mishaps have significantly expanded among youngsters. The aggregate targets are to decrease the likelihood of youngsters being associated with wounds identified with engine vehicle mishaps. The ebb and flow mediations, confinements, objectives and targets are summed up in the table underneath Intervention Limitations Goals/destinations Mandatory youngster restriction use laws Limited police enforceability To decrease the dangers related with Moto vehicle security seats Community wide authorization battles Can just be applied during specific seasons To improve open mindfulness on the wounds identified with mishaps Random breath testing collectedness checkpoints Limited police enforceability To lessen liquor related accidents and passi ngs by between 17-25% Zero Tolerance Blood Alcohol Concentration (BAC) Possibility of expanding as far as possible. Absence of exacting enforceability Reduces mishap related wounds on youngsters younger than 21 Nighttime driving limitation time limit laws Applied spatially with certain special cases permitted To stay away from wounds coming about because of evening crashes. What's more, to debilitate evening youngsters driving The method of reasoning for the present mediations As showed the present intercession are not thorough as far as forestalling the wounds. Be that as it may, the majority of the mediations have been demonstrated viable in preventive procedures. The primary defense for t

Why I Stopped Rating Books

Why I Stopped Rating Books This is a guest post from Laura Sackton. Laura is a lifelong reader, writer, and lover of made-up worlds. Until recently, she ran a small organic vegetable farm outside Boston, MA. After fifteen years of farming, she decided it was time to devote herself full time to writing fiction. She currently lives in Nantucket, where she spends her days wrangling a novel-in-prgoress, chasing her dog across the moors, and spending as much time as physically possible in the ocean. She blogs at  www.book-open.com. A few years ago, I started keeping a reading spreadsheet. It includes, among other information, a rating of every book I finish, on scale of 1-5. I’ve been doing this for almost two decades, ever since I started keeping track of what I read. But I’ve been wary of rating books on a scale for a while now, so I decided to sort my 2016 and 2017 spreadsheets by rating. What I found revealed just how useless I believe star ratings actually are. Books that I’ve awarded four stars in the last two years include Kelly Jensen and Jenn Burke’s Chaos Station series, a delightful science fiction M/M romance, Another Country by James Baldwin, The Dream of a Common Language by Adrienne Rich, the hilarious children’s comic Phoebe and her Unicorn by Dana Simpson, Peter Darling by Austin Chant (an incredible retelling of Peter Pan), Bad Feminist by Roxane Gay, and shockingly, The Goldfinch by Donna Tartt, an audiobook so incredible that I cannot now imagine what possessed me to give it four stars instead of five. Looking through this disparate collection of books that I deemed truly wonderful, it is apparent to me that “four stars,” objectively, means little. The list actually makes me uncomfortable: it seems somehow perverse that Phoebe and her Unicorn is rated equally with Another Country. It’s not that Phoebe and her Unicornâ€"a comic I love and that makes me laugh out loud constantlyâ€"is undeserving of four stars. It’s that comparing this wry, silly comic to a searing and serious novel like Another Country is absurd. None of these books are comparable. Rating them on the same scale makes no sense. I’ve always loosely interpreted a four star rating as “I loved this book.” And while I did indeed love all the books listed above, I didn’t love them in the same way. In the case of the Chaos Station series, four stars meant that it was perfect entertainment: a fun, sexy, fast-paced, satisfying escape. The four stars I gave to Bad Feminist were for the way Gay’s smart and honest essays made me think deeply about feminism, race, and pop culture. Phoebe and her Unicorn has some important messages about friendship and identity, but it was Simpson’s humor that merited its stars. As for The Goldfinch, one of the best novels I’ve ever read and hands-down the best audiobook, even four stars seems a stingy way to articulate how this book is still reverberating though my life. In this world, I love many things. I love the ocean. I love fresh tomatoes with salt. I love my nephews. I love The Lord of the Rings. I love pilot precise fine tip rolling ball pens. I love my dog. These loves, all valid, are only vaguely related. Our lives are full of big and little loves, loves that hold us and change us, loves as fleeting and fanciful as rainbow sprinkles, powerful loves that define who we are. When I tell my nephew I love him, it means something utterly different from when I tell my friend I love the chocolate chip cookies she baked me. The love of a human being is not comparable to the love of a baked good. Yet I don’t cease to love chocolate chip cookies just because my love for my nephews is more vast than anything I have ever felt for a concoction of flour and sugar. Nor should I have to rate and compare these different kinds of love. When everything has an oppositeâ€"married or single, gay or straight, man or woman, one star or fiveâ€"no room remains for the tangled web of stories we carry within ourselves. It’s a dichotomy that insists something must be perfect in order to have worth. It excludes all the intersections of experience and identity that make us the flawed, multi-faceted, marvelous beings that we are. Perhaps this seems unrelated to a system of ranking books, but I believe there is an underlying, and troubling, pattern. We like to put things into boxes, to rank them in order to then compare them and determine their value. It is alluring to be able to define something by simply glancing at it. But all this categorization and ranking corrodes the gorgeous complexity and nuance of our world, reducing its messy contradictions into simple, one word answers. It is not possible to define a book by a number of stars. It is not possible to quantify all the millions of kinds of love on this earth. Books, like lives, are not uniform; they cannot be measured and judged by the same criteria. Books, after all, are products of human brains and hearts and muscle. Language is an extension of ourselves, and it can no more be summed up with a simple number of stars than we ourselves can be. On my reading spreadsheet, I’ve stopped ranking books using a scale. Instead, I rate them worthwhile or not worthwhile. When a book moves me deeply, I write about it my reading journal and talk about it to everyone I can. But I’m no longer trying to compare James Baldwin to space opera. If a book moves me, entertains me, challenges me, makes me laugh or weep, surprises me, changes me, or provides me with an escape from reality, I deem it worthwhile. Full stop.

What Exactly Is Hard Water

Hard water is water that contains high amounts of Ca2 and/or Mg2. Sometimes Mn2 and other multivalent cations are included in the measure of hardness. Note water may contain minerals and yet not be considered hard, by this definition. Hard water occurs naturally under the condition where water percolates through calcium carbonates or magnesium carbonates, such as chalk or limestone. Evaluating How Hard Water Is According to the USGS, the hardness of water is determined based on the concentration of dissolved multivalent cations: soft water - 0 to 60 mg/L (milligrams per liter) as calcium carbonatemoderately hard water - 61 to 120 mg/Lhard water - 121 to 180 mg/Lvery hard water - more than 180 mg/L Hard Water Effects Both positive and negative effects of hard water are known: Hard water may offer health benefits as drinking water, compared with soft water. Drinking hard water and beverages made using hard water can contribute to dietary requirements for calcium and magnesium.Soap is a less effective cleaner in hard water. Hard water makes it harder to rinse soap, plus it forms a curd or soap scum. Detergent is also affected by the dissolved minerals in hard water, but not to the same extent as soap. More soap or detergent are required to clean clothes and other items using hard water compared with soft water. Hair washed in hard water may appear dull and feel stiff from residue. Clothes washed in hard water may develop a yellowish or gray discoloration and may feel stiff.Soap residue left on the skin from bathing in hard water can trap bacteria on the skin surface and disrupt the normal balance of microflora. Because the residue inhibits the ability of skin to return to its slightly acidic pH, irritation may occur.Hard water can leave behind water spots o n dishes, windows, and other surfaces.Minerals in hard water can deposit in pipes and on surfaces forming scale. This can clog pipes over time and decrease water heater efficiency. One positive aspect of scale is that it forms a barrier between pipes and water, limiting leaching of solder and metals into the water.The electrolytes in hard water can lead to galvanic corrosion, which is when one metal corrodes when in contact with another metal in the presence of ions. Temporary and Permanent Hard Water Temporary hardness is characterized by dissolved bicarbonate minerals (calcium bicarbonate and magnesium bicarbonate) that yield calcium and magnesium cations (Ca2, Mg2) and carbonate and bicarbonate anions (CO32−, HCO3−). This type of water hardness may be reduced by adding calcium hydroxide to the water or by boiling it. Permanent hardness is generally associated with calcium sulfate and/or magnesium sulfates in the water, which will not precipitate when the water is boiled. Total permanent hardness is the sum of the calcium hardness plus the magnesium hardness. This type of hard water may be softened by using an ion exchange column or water softener.

Education Is More Important Today World Than Ever Before

Part 1- Introduction and Description of Program Education is more important in today’s world than ever before. In September of 2010, a new program was implemented across Ontario to give students a stronger start in school and life. This program is called Full day kindergarten, it was designed to help support early learning as well as contribute to Ontario’s long-term economic competitive advantaged. (edu.gov.com) George Vanier Catholic School has run this program since its implementation in 2010. Their full day kindergarten program is different from a regular full day since they are Catholic oriented. George Vanier mission is â€Å"Teach me Knowledge, Goodness, and Discipline.† The mission of program is to provide a variety of learning opportunities and experiences that are based on assessment information and the strengths, needs, and interests of the children. (J.R, 2014) It’s the collaboration between the catholic community of educational professionals, children and parents. (M.V, 2014) We work in partnership with the Parish and home to help our students develop into lifelong learners, who will be confident, interdependent members of the community, who will contribute to society by faith and serving God. Together, we are dedicated to helping children reach their potential and to respect diversity. (GeorgeVanier, 2014) Goals of the Catholic program are to strengthen faith by to teaching one of the 10 virtues each month. Full day learning is taught through inquiry, real lifeShow MoreRelatedThe Modern World1742 Words   |  7 Pagesthis life that everyone thirsts to grasp, and yet refuses to see how important it is? This element continues to be simply, knowledge. As an impressive human species we believe knowledge is the key to life. This is why throughout history so many have attempted to eradicate this fortunate part of our life. The Babylonians sabotaged the library of Assurbanipal in Nineveh, which was the first and finest known library of the ancient world, and it held the Epic of Gilgamesh as well as countless alternativeRead MoreImpact Of Globalization On The World1262 Words   |  6 PagesThe impact that globalization provided to the world was a positive effect that expanded the influences from one country to another. Globalization is the process of international integration arising from th e interchange of world views, products, ideas, and other aspects of culture. Similarities on how national markets established themselves in other countries which increases not only international trade but also cultural exchange. This increases cultural trade because it gives countries the abilityRead MoreDr. Finely s Views On Educational Globalization1495 Words   |  6 Pagesconducted with Dr. David Finely. Dr. Finely is the International Education Director of all academic courses and academic staff in the 15 different international programs in local public schools for AMESON Education and Culture Exchange Foundation based in Nanjing, China. The purpose of the interview was to discuss Dr. Finely s professional views on educational globalization and the changes taking place in classrooms around the world. In this paper, Dr. Finely’s responses related to globalizationRead MoreThe Evolution Of The Field Of Nursing Essay1306 Words   |  6 Pagesnow evolved to become an â€Å"art and a science.† The purpose of this paper is to discuss the impact on the evolution of nursing, changes over the years and the implication on today’s nursing profession. To understand nursing and where it began, it is important to mention a key pioneer in nursing by the name of Florence Nightingale. She worked countlessly to improve the sanitary conditions in the hospital in the Crimean War in 1854. She not only changed the way people viewed nursing and the profession,Read MoreEducation Has Changed A Lot Over The Years1150 Words   |  5 Pages Education in America has changed a lot over the years. It has gone from having school for a selection of students held in the schoolmaster’s house, to every child going to school five days a week to a school building that can be anything from a small one story building to a large campus of school buildings. Current education in America can be considered very organized, and a large improvement. Education in the America’s past was very different than it is today, and has undergone many changes. BothRead MoreThe Future Progress Of The Human Mind919 Words   |  4 Pageschild has the opportunity to be educated. The heartbreaking fact is that there are still people in the world today who don’t have access to education. In â€Å"The Future Progress of the Human Mind,† Condorcet discusses and emphasizes the importance for equal access to education. Education is crucial and no matter who you are or where you come from, everyone should be entitled to an education. Education prepares individuals for the future that they fantasize about. An extremely common question most of usRead MoreClimate Change And Global Warming1412 Words   |  6 Pageshundreds of year dating back to the beginning of man to the ice age and today, and with that change came scientists who have been keeping track and gathering data on these changes in the climate. The climate is the source of life it provides a secure environment setting for life forms to thrive without a proper climatic setting life would begin to dwindle and eventually all life forms would go extinct. But why is the climate so important moreover exactly what is it that poses a threat to all life formsRead MoreImpact of Globalization on Singapore1259 Words   |  5 PagesGlobalization has and will continue to have a vast impact on Singapore as a Nation and on its identity and culture. In order to deal with these changes, Character and Citizenship Education (CCE) will increasingly become more important in the changing landscape of education in Singapore. Globalization is both a cultural and economic phenomenon that has been defined as â€Å"a process of interaction and integration among the people, companies, and governments of different nations, a process driven by internationalRead More My Philosophy of Education Essay851 Words   |  4 PagesMy Philosophy of Education The obstacle of finding a career is something we are all faced with at one time or another. Fortunately for me, I found this decision to be a very easy one, because I have a love for teaching. The decision of my career was clear. I was going to become a teacher. The nature of students, or at least most students, is to learn and master problem-solving abilities in order to be a successful adult. I believe the student’s nature is ever changing, therefore, in thatRead MoreAmerican Public Education Essays1553 Words   |  7 PagesPublic Education Today, education enables us to enlarge our knowledge and open doors for opportunities to the path of having a good future. In the five readings, each written by a different author, there was a lesson learned and something to take away from each one. Reading through the passages by Mann, Moore, Malcolm X, Gatto, Rose, and Anyon, each author contributed his or her point of view on general public education. This topic can be very argumentative depending on the quality of education people

Management Communications with Technology Tools Free Essays

Managing organizational change and improvement is one of the most complex tasks of leadership. Leaders need to understand the change process in order to lead and manage change and improvement efforts effectively. Leaders must learn to overcome barriers and cope with the chaos that naturally exists during the complex process of change. We will write a custom essay sample on Management Communications with Technology Tools or any similar topic only for you Order Now Managers and other organizational leaders should assist workers and other stakeholders build effective teams by developing new organizational structures and creating a shared vision that focuses on mission accomplishment and developing new organizational structures and creating a shared vision that focuses on mission accomplishment and attainable objectives. When such inspired and informed leadership is applied, organizations can improve performance. As noted by Harrison (1993) use of the process-oriented approach to managerial decision making with its strong managerial emphasis and its objectives-oriented outcomes is the model recommended for decisions with discernible levels of uncertainty attendant on the outcome. Such decisions include those made at middle and upper levels of management both in the private and the public sectors where the consequences are of high levels of significance to the total organization. Included in this category are all decisions of a strategic nature and those involving appreciable commitments of resources directed towards the long-term enhancement of the corporation or institution. â€Å"The process model is ideal for these kinds of decision because it is forward looking in that it has a planning emphasis not apparent in the other models of decision making. The process model is oriented towards innovation and organizational change with a particular emphasis on long-term results. It relies principally on the judgment of the decision maker, but not to the exclusion of computation or compromise to fit special decision-making situations† (Harrison, 1993). According to Alexa Michael (2009) â€Å"a company needs accurate, reliable and timely information on performance, which must flow up through an organization regularly. It should be simple, easy to measure and focused on the long term†. One solution for managing organizational change and improvement according to David Blanchard (2009) â€Å"is developing a set of highly descriptive key performance indicators (KPIs) that include precise times, quantities and other numerical measurements so that everyone is on the same page about what it will take to achieve acceptable on-time, accurate and cost-effective performance levels†. Using a range of KPIs that include financial and non-financial measures to gauge how successful the business is in achieving its goals will improve its performance. The KPIs should be simple, easy to measure and focused on the long term. A company also needs to address the issue of cash-flow management. Managing cash-flow variability tops the agenda for most companies. â€Å"Identifying and fixing friction points that hinder operating capital as it flows across the balance sheet from inventory and payables to accounts receivable† (Driscoll, 2009) is an organizational change critical to a company’s long-term viability. Another organizational change for improvement is the idea of Lean Performance Improvement. Successful lean performance improvement initiatives have front-line workers generating, processing and implementing ideas. Using the high-performance idea system front-line employees drive the lean improvement process with regular and ongoing engagement with daily problems and opportunities. With successful organizational change a company can use this process-focused approach to build their own lean culture. Harrison (1993) tells us that â€Å"the components of the decision-making process for the process model are the functions of decision making which include setting managerial objectives, searching for alternatives, comparing and evaluating alternatives, the act of choice, implementing the decision, and following up and controlling the decision. The process model with its managerial emphasis drawing selectively on the disciplines of economics, mathematics, statistics, philosophy, psychology, sociology, political science, anthropology and law. The process model’s objective-oriented outcome approach best allows for successful adaptation of organizational change leading to long-term success†. The implementation strategy for the organizational change that includes the introduction of key performance indicators (KPIs), lean performance initiatives and cash-flow management will be both top-down and bottom-up. Clear communication that brings employees of all levels on board with the changes being made and how it affects them and the future of their company and job must be made. Ensuring that all stakeholders understand that they have a say in the success of their company and therefore increased success for themselves is paramount. The KPIs will be both financial and non-financial. KPIs will be used to monitor factors that are known to create value within the business. KPIs will help ensure that the following things are in place, â€Å"products and services that are attractive to consumers both now and in the future, clear objectives that are communicated properly to the workforce, desires for continuous improvement, useful management information and effective financial control, efficient services and distribution, good, well-informed managers, and regulatory compliance with minimum disruption to organizational routines† (Michael, 2009). Developing and using a checklist to monitor and asses these key performance indicators will be done. The checklist will be a series of questions that properly answered will help determine whether or not the company is getting value from their business and will eliminate a problem identified by Roger Chevalier (2009) in his article about analyzing performance where part of the problem with the performance was that â€Å"expectations for performance are unclear†. Answering the questions yes or no for both now and in the future will help look at the factors that can improve or destroy the value of the business. Questions such as, â€Å"spreading your buying/selling contracts too widely over time, hostage to one or two buying/selling contracts or customers/suppliers, sure your purchase/sales order books are firm and go forward far enough, buying/selling on a growing/declining trend in real terms, buying/selling any products at a loss, using cross-selling and up-selling techniques to improve sales, monitoring whether your purchases arrive on time and are of the right quality to meet your manufacturing schedules, satisfied that your suppliers’ terms, and your own terms to customers, are competitive, aware of the financial implications of your pricing policy, loyal to good customers/suppliers, scheduling orders to obtain better terms, developing your competitive position, fostering your company’s reputation and brand values, developing your business processes to create more value, enhancing staff skills to improve your competitive advantage† (Michael, 2009). Another strategy to implement that overlaps with the key performance indicators will be the lean performance improvement initiatives. â€Å"A successful lean implementation will result in various operational and financial improvements. Operational improvements include higher quality and productivity as well as lower nonproductive capacity and lead times. Some financial improvements realized from a successful lean implementation include increased cash flows, lower inventory levels, and lower costs† (Searcy, 2009). Successful lean performance improvement initiatives generate significant front-line involvement in identifying and implementing opportunities for improvement. As noted by Robinson and Schroeder (2009) in these initiatives ideas are integrated into everyday work, the emphasis is on small ideas, front-line performance metrics focus ideas on what is important, and both managers and workers are held accountable for their roles in the idea process. The strategy for implementing change with regard to the issue of cash-flow management will focus on forecasting as the key activity to improve. The forecasting of cash outflows and cash inflows both need to be accurate. According to Mary Driscoll (2009) â€Å"the bent of the typical finance function which tends to be accounting-oriented, concentrated on the accurate recording of journal entries and the consolidation of data from across the enterprise for statutory and management reporting†. Also according to the article by Driscoll (2009) â€Å"the key to cash-flow forecasting was more accurate demand forecasts†. Consideration of successful measurement techniques with the key performance indicators (KPIs) will be whether or not the business added value. Use the KPIs to ensure that the selling price covers costs of production and promotion. Use the KPIs to help the business work more closely with customers and suppliers to ensure a competitive advantage (Michael, 2009). Successful measurement of the lean performance improvement initiatives can be achieved by measuring employee morale and productivity. â€Å"Pyromation decided to integrate problem-identification and idea-generation into the regular work of front-line employees. Idea boards were set up, supervisors were trained in idea-meeting facilitation, and weekly shop-floor idea meetings were scheduled. In this way, front-line workers were given the opportunity to use the tools and techniques of lean production that they had been taught. The resulting stream of improvement ideas made an enormous difference. In two years, productivity increased by a third, lead-time was cut by 60 percent, and late deliveries were reduced by 70 percent† (Robinson and Schroeder, 2009). Successful measurement of the strategy for implementing change to cash-flow management will result in ensuring that â€Å"all managers understand that, in addition to the importance of earning a return on investments, the company needs steady cash flow to support operations and our credit position† (Driscoll, 2009). Ensuring the accuracy of cash in-flow estimates will require greater cooperation between management in getting speedy and precise analyses regarding booked sales that can be counted on as income and asking about sales pipelines, pricing, marketing effectiveness and channel viability. The internal revenue growth assumptions will need to be examined closely to ensure accuracy. If the internal numbers do not match industry outlooks the companies position will need to be reevaluated to ensure that it is not taking on a risky position. Managing organizational change and improvement requires leaders themselves to change. The leaders will have to bring in all stakeholders within the company into the management process. The leaders that overcome the barriers that traditional leadership throughout industry has always had in place will succeed in developing new organizational structures that create a shared vision focusing on the mission of the business. The shared vision in turn will improve the performance of the business which in turn increases the viability of the business. Working with the process model today’s leadership can eliminate the old management style of top-down leadership that did not value or effectively utilize the experience and front-line vision of its front-line employees. The process model can also be effectively used within the upper management as they improve the cash flow management of the business. Going beyond the traditional role of the accounting office and interacting with management from sales and production will enable cash flow analysis that carefully examines cash in-flow as well as cash out-flow creating a more solid financial picture of the business. This enhanced view of the balance ledger will enable the business to be better protected financially during turbulent business cycles. Identifying Key Metrics in Performance Measurement of Organizational Change ultimately involves more than just examining numbers on a data sheet. Those kinds of metrics, numbers on a data sheet, are valuable, but only within the context of the environment that they come from. The metrics that measure the human element are still the most important. The key performance indicators (KPIs), the lean performance improvement initiatives and the cash flow analysis all still require the human element to be useful. How to cite Management Communications with Technology Tools, Essay examples

How Does the Brain Perceive Essay Example For Students

How Does the Brain Perceive Essay How does a human hear? When an object makes a noise, it sends vibrations (betterknown as sound waves) speeding through the air. These vibrations are then funneled intoyour ear canal by your outer ear. As the vibrations move into your middle ear, they hityour eardrum and cause it to vibrate as well. This sets off a chain reaction of vibrations. Your eardrum, which is smaller and thinner than the nail on your pinky finger, vibratesthe three smallest bones in your body: first, the hammer, then the anvil, and finally, thestirrup. The stirrup passes the vibrations into a coiled tube in the inner ear called thecochlea. The fluid-filled cochlea contains thousands of hair-like nerve endings calledcilia. When the stirrup causes the fluid in the cochlea to vibrate, the cilia move. The ciliachange the vibrations into messages that are sent to the brain via the auditory nerve. Theauditory nerve carries messages from 25,000 receptors in your ear to your brain. Yourbrain then makes sense of the messages and tells you what sounds you are hearing. While you are sitting in the meadow, you might hear a calm breeze,some beesbuzzing around and maybe some birds chirping. The wind rustles through grass andcreates sound waves. Your ears collect these sound waves and causes your eardrum toalso vibrate. The eardrum the makes your hammer, anvil, and stirrup. The stirrupsvibrations move the liquid in your inner ear and the cilia translate those vibrations intosomething the brain can understand. The brain processes the messages and realizes thatyou are hearing a calm breeze. The same thing would happen if you heard a bee buzzingaround, except the different sound waves that it makes would cause the ear to process amessage that would tell the brain that it is hearing a bee. Likewise for the birds, unless ofcourse its a bird you have never heard before, but we will assume you have. Since wehave experienced these sensations before, its like the noise comes in, its processed andmatched up to see if we have ever heard anything like it before. I ts sort of like pullingopen a filing cabinet and looking for something. What happens if we have never heard a sound before. Lets say while you were inthe meadow and you heard some hideous shrieking noise. You think to yourself, â€Å"What’sthat?† You would probably have to use your other senses to establish exactly what wasmaking the noise, but after that your mind knows what that particular sound represents. Using the filing cabinet analogy again, it would be just like adding another folder. How does our body feel? Our body feels by getting messages from receptors inour skin. But its not the same for all sensations. For touch and pressure, the skin receptorsget pressed on the transmit a signal to the medulla and the thalamus, then it goes to thesensory cortex into the parietal lobe of the brain then the brain translates it into a conceptthat it can understand. By the characteristics in the signal the brain can tell the differencebetween a feather in our palm to being tackled by a lineman. If the sensation is a heat, orlack there of, is passed directly to the thalamus and then to the reticular formation. Mytheory on why it does that is that a change in outside temperature could change our inner-body temperature, thus unbalancing our homeostasis. But no matter whether its pressureor temperature, if the sensation is painful our body reacts completely differently. If thereis an instance of pain the brain tells the body to do something to stop it, fast. .u93117872f7e0aab3e5bdb4aba9e348da , .u93117872f7e0aab3e5bdb4aba9e348da .postImageUrl , .u93117872f7e0aab3e5bdb4aba9e348da .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u93117872f7e0aab3e5bdb4aba9e348da , .u93117872f7e0aab3e5bdb4aba9e348da:hover , .u93117872f7e0aab3e5bdb4aba9e348da:visited , .u93117872f7e0aab3e5bdb4aba9e348da:active { border:0!important; } .u93117872f7e0aab3e5bdb4aba9e348da .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u93117872f7e0aab3e5bdb4aba9e348da { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u93117872f7e0aab3e5bdb4aba9e348da:active , .u93117872f7e0aab3e5bdb4aba9e348da:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u93117872f7e0aab3e5bdb4aba9e348da .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u93117872f7e0aab3e5bdb4aba9e348da .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u93117872f7e0aab3e5bdb4aba9e348da .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u93117872f7e0aab3e5bdb4aba9e348da .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u93117872f7e0aab3e5bdb4aba9e348da:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u93117872f7e0aab3e5bdb4aba9e348da .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u93117872f7e0aab3e5bdb4aba9e348da .u93117872f7e0aab3e5bdb4aba9e348da-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u93117872f7e0aab3e5bdb4aba9e348da:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Ralegh, Sir Walter- Death In Poems EssayWhile we are laying in the meadow on a mid-June day our skin senses are verybusy. Since it is sunny and in June, I am assuming that it is warm if not hot. Our skinfeels the suns rays burning our delicate skin. It picks up a warmer feeling than when wewere in our car with the AC on. It sends a signal to the brain, via the thalamus to thereticular formation, that it warm out here. Not only that but you are laying on the ground. By laying on the ground you are putting pressure on your backside. Your skin can feel thedifference, the side of you facing up is not feeling this pressure. Let’s

Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society

Most academic work is published in the academic journal article, book or theory frame. Associate survey quality and selectivity guidelines shift incredibly from journal to journal, distributor to distributor, and field to field. Most set up scholastic orders have their particular journals and different outlets for production, albeit numerous academic journals are relatively interdisciplinary, and distribute work from a few unmistakable fields or sub-fields. Background The Journal des Scavans, built up by Denis de Sallo, was the most punctual academic journal published in Europe. The quantity of debate dropped to 72% in the eighteenth century, 59% by the last 50% of the nineteenth century, and 33% by the first half of the twentieth century. The decrease in challenged claims for the need to inquire about disclosures can be credited to the expanding acknowledgement of the production of papers in present-day scholastic journals, with gauges proposing that around 50 million journal articles have been published since the original appearance of the Philosophical Transactions. Current Scenario Presently, a vital pattern, especially as for journals in the sciences, is open access using the Internet. Open Access In open access publishing, a journal article is made accessible free for all on the web by the distributor at the season of production. Around Business Even though there are more than 2,000 publishers, starting in 2013, five revenue driven organizations represented half of the articles published ensuring best academic writing services and essay writing services. Publishers contend that they increase the value of the publishing procedure through help to the associate survey gathering, including stipends, and through typesetting, printing, and web publishing. Speculation investigators, nonetheless, have been wary of the esteem included by revenue driven publishers, as exemplified by 2005 Deutsche Bank examination which expressed that we trust the distributor enhances the publishing procedure Papers for Academics In academic publishing, a paper is an academic work that is generally published in an academic journal. Such a paper, likewise called an article, might be viewed as substantial if it experiences a procedure of associate survey by at least one arbitrators who watch that the substance of the paper is reasonable for distribution in the journal. Ellison has revealed that in financial matters the sensational increment in chances to distribute comes about online has prompted a decrease in the utilization of associate checked on articles. In academic publishing, a paper is a scholarly work that is usually published in a university journal.

Literary Analysis Frankenstein Essays

Literary Analysis Frankenstein Essays Literary Analysis Frankenstein Essay Literary Analysis Frankenstein Essay Essay Topic: Frankenstein Foreshadowing is great literary device that catches, hooks, and captures the reader’s attention. In a novel using foreshadowing leaves the reader captivated about what series of events will occur next. Also, it allows the reader to formulate a conclusion about what will happen with the characters at the end of the novel. In Mary Shelley’s, Frankenstein, Victor Frankenstein was determined, curious, and extremely innovative. In the novel, Victor was very determined to put forth his scientific skills in order to make a creation. Victor is a mad scientist that dedicates the majority of his day on pure science and different projects. When you are very passionate about something you tend to make that your main concentration. Being determined means that you do not give up very easily and you preserve through whatever you are struggling with. Also, you continue to strive to achieve that goal or dream, set the bar high, and push the envelope. Sometimes things don’t always happen exactly the way you planned and it is the opposite of what you expected. After the monster came to life, Victor wasn’t exactly thrilled about its appearance. According to â€Å"Frankenstein† Victor was not pleasantly surprise with the outcome of the monster.† I had gazed on him while unfinished; he was ugly then; but when those muscles and joints were rendered capable of motion, it became a thing such as even Dante could not have conceived.† (Shelly 45). After realizes what he had created wasn’t what he hoped for, Victor decides to abandon the monster because of its monstrous appearance. Another characteristic Victor displays in the novel is curiosity. Curiosity causes Victor to devote his life to science. He works sleepless nights on different project hoping something great will come out of it. Curiosity can really drive a person insane because it leaves you wanting to know more and more. Sometimes curiosity can be detrimental because you may learn somethi

The labor party under Tony Blair and Gordon Brown has been blamed for Essay

The labor party under Tony Blair and Gordon Brown has been blamed for letting the market be controlled by capitalism - Essay Example Though Cameron blamed Labor for excesses of the recent years for what he termed as turning a blind eye to corporate excesses, the idea of a responsible capitalism was the main agenda behind Cameron’s campaigns. The main question is whether there is any rationality in advocating for a more responsible capitalism, or if here are any ethics and moral standing in capitalism. Keat (2009) argues a distinct ethical consideration has a crucial role in political reasoning. This is against the neutralist restriction of legitimate grounds regarding state actions on moral considerations of rightness. In other words, legal considerations must involve not only the matters of justice, but also the distribution of social wealth, opportunities in life, and the general survival chances. This implies; an ethical system has to be concerned with the pursuit of collective goals, and safeguarding the same good in the country. Therefore, the main question is whether â€Å"let capitalism rip ideology † under conservative party meets the above conditions. Herbermas (1996) states that there cannot be any possible exclusion of ethics from politics, but any political ideology has to be based on nature of ethical reasoning in which the concept of identity and self understanding are central. Ikerd (2008) elaborates the most basic law of science portray that unrestrained capitalism cannot by any chance be sustainable. In other words, according to Ikerd, all economic activities are naturally individualistic; as in capitalism there is no any economic incentive aimed at doing anything for the sole benefit others, and does not offer any thought towards the future generations. This means that any market system has to involve sustainable resource utilization and has to be mindful of each and every individual including the generations to come. Gray (2008) notes while a free market are the best type of market in advocating ethics and morality due to a direct link between contribution and rewards, free markets can corrode some characters while still enhancing others. Therefore, the results of a free market according to Gray will depend much on how one envisions life. Moreover, the thought that free markets emerge spontaneously with the removal of state interference in the market has been vehemently opposed. Therefore, free markets according to Gray do not indicate the absence of a government. In other words, in free markets, the markets depend on a system of laws, which decides what is to be traded or not. Hence, free markets due to presence of stringent of laws governing what is to be traded always involve an aspect of moral constraints policed by governments, and depend on property rights that are created and enforced by the government. Free markets have however led to loss of efficacy and productivity due to redistribution of wealth through taxes. All the same free markets are equivalent to having values in businesses so that organizations operate to standards of moral concepts in a pluralistic society (Griffiths n,d). Therefore, the market fundamentalism proposed by the rightwing was a harsh market dogma that erodes the market of the sustainability and responsibility befitted in a free market with its constraints and limitations. The core of the dogma, which was the assertion that such removal of government control in

Business entity Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Business entity - Essay Example The limited partnership is not subject to federal income tax. The limited partnership allows the acceptance of two partners who contribute a different fund amount and a third partner who only contributes his or her services in lieu of capital, considering each of the owners has a spouse and adult children. Normally, the limited partner’s contribution to the partnership is lower than the general partners’ contributions. The limited partners are prohibited from participating in the management decisions of the partnership. Only general partners are allowed to make management decisions (Clifford, 2008). In terms of limited partnership’s liability, the creditors can get the general partner’s family assets to pay for the liabilities of the limited partnership. On the other hand, the creditors cannot get the limited partner’s family assets to pay for the liabilities of the limited partnership’s liabilities (Clifford, 2008). The best form of business for a small business is limited partnership. For a limited partnership, a small business can easily grow to become a big business when the most opportune moment comes. As the business profits continue, all the limited partnership’s partners can increase the store size, sell more product types, or up a new branch in another locality (Clifford, 2008). Analyzing the above information, many persons want to form a limited partnership. The limited partnership is tax exempt. The creditors can only get the general partners’ assets. Only the general partners can make partnership decisions. Convincingly, the limited partnership works best in the above business

Manager Leadership Skills Subordinate Performance Organizational productivity

Manager Leadership Skills Subordinate Performance Organizational productivity The study investigated about the impact of manager leadership skills. The purpose of the research is to highlight the leadership augmentation process for the companies to generate results-oriented, people-focused leaders instead of purely mangers, which they help in improving the subordinates performance, raise retention and morale of the employees, and bring bottom-line results for the organizations. The research linkages between manager skills and leadership skills that help Managers to be aware of their personality traits as a leader, that further assist managers in evaluating the subordinates performance and organization effectiveness. The research rationale is all about Managers leadership skills in reality have any influence or not to enhance the subordinate performance and organizational productivity. For the study, Judgmental Sampling has been used; deliberately handpicked individuals from the population based on our knowledge and judgment and conducted both Focus- Group and Questionnaire tool as our primary source of data. We arranged a focus group in IXLMS organization and questionnaire survey tool in SOFSOL organization. Total of 54 respondents participated which comprises of both managers subordinates from different departments. In-depth questions were asked and the responses were recorded. The data that was gathered is analyzed by the use of mathematical tools such as tables, percentages and pie charts. This allows us to obtain quantitative data that can help in the analysis of our hypothesis. T-Testing of hypothesis was conducted which resulted that there is an impact of Managers leadership skills to enhance the subordinate performance and organizational productivity. To increase subordinates satisfaction, performance, and organization productivity, in this research Managers are suggested to give prominence efforts on their leadership skills instead only rely on manager skills and companies should also work on this as employees are the leading key factors of any organization, they, therefore, have to come up with the strategies of encouraging their employees and make them willing to grant as much time in leadership skills as they do in management skills. TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER ONE Background of the Topic and Statement of the Problem INTRODUCTION Organizations must be certain that every employee carry out to the best of their ability and delivers significant value to the business but in todays economy its critical to get the most efficiency from every employee.  Ã‚   One main issue that almost every business resist with is the challenge of dealing with employees performance. Great organizations know that measuring their accomplishment with people both customers and employees is just as important as measuring the achievement of their financial bottom line. Great organizations focus on two bottom lines instead of just one. In these organizations, developing loyal customers and engaged employees are considered equal to good financial performance. Upper Management at these organizations know that in order to succeed they must create a encouraging environment for employees, which results in better customer service, which leads to higher income. There are many elements that go into creating a victorious organization like customer focus, different marketing strategy, and passionate employees etc are the factors that come to mind but the one place that organizations should focus on first is leadership skills of the mangers. Thats because leadership is the succession that drives the other factors. Developing impressive leaders is the key to organizational success. One of the mainly common sources of low productivity in any organization and deprived work ethic is the lack of leadership skills in their managers. When the managers of the companies keep going with the appropriate coaching of leadership skills, they are able to quickly reach the levels of confidence and competence needed to increase productivity to meet requirement. With suitable leadership style, managers develop new skills more rapidly and begin to donate sooner to the bottom line.   Leaders help subordinates to achieve astonishing results. They lend a hand others to develop eagerness and passion for their work as well as higher self-esteem and more self-confidence. When given the leadership skills to give work direction, goal setting, coaching, performance evaluation, active listening, feedback, and practical problem solving employees experience fewer disturbances and more success. Mentoring high-potential ability and giving employees the resources to grow into competent and confident, leaders creates a conduit for organizational growth. Over a period of time by receiving the appropriate leadership skills, mangers can reach the levels of self-reliance and competence that enable them to increase their productivity and success of the organization. Without the proper leadership skills, most mangers end up achieving only a temperate level of performance on key tasks instead of pushing through to the highest level possible. The question then is for organizations to develop their mangers to reach higher levels as quickly and proficiently as possible, thus improving productivity and overall business performance. STATEMENT OF PROBLEM The research rationale is that leadership of the manager is the key factor in influencing employee performance and organizational success. This study is to highlight the leadership development process for organizations to create results-oriented, people-focused leaders instead of simply mangers, that they improve subordinates performance, increase retention and morale, and deliver bottom-line results. The objective of the research is to find that: Do employees know there is a difference in a leader and a manager? Do really manager have any leadership skills in them or not? What managers think about leadership? Do mangers believe in developing team members into individual who can complete pre determined goals? How leadership skills effect the overall organization productivity? Managers leadership skills in reality have any impact to enhance the subordinate performance and organizational productivity or not? The research questionnaires also highlight the ways that managers can improve his/her leadership skills and motivate the employees to perform their best that boost the organization productivity. SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY The research will foster managers to develop their skills as a leader. If one relies only on being a manager, hell never instigate subordinate to give their very best and increase organizational productivity so good managers should think like leaders within their orb of influence. Leadership skills are vital in an organization. It enhances organization productivity. The manager cannot get the job done on time by employees unless he/she has good leadership skills. Leadership is mostly about being one-self and preserving one personal legitimacy. Most mangers are not born with leadership skills so they can develop their leadership skills through this research as it highlighted the importance of personal progress, thinking innovatively, caring for people and also having the will to become a leader. Effective leadership skills among managers are not only avoid delays, misunderstandings, confusion or distortions of facts during uncertain situations but also establishes harmony in the organization environment. SCOPE DELIMITATION The research is designed to illuminate the impact of leadership skills of a manager on subordinates performance and organizational productivity. The study is conducted in the natural environment with the minimum interference of researcher with the normal flow of events. All the expenses and barriers will be kept in consideration while designing this research. As time was a major constrain in this exercise, so within this short time frame the focus group methods and online questionnaire survey helped us in getting fairly dependable data from two organizations i.e. IXLMS and Sofsol. Both companies are emerging business solution providers. DEFINITIONS Bottom line its an organization net earnings, net income or EPS (Earnings per share). Leadership a crucial management skill is the ability to encourage a group of people in the direction of a common goals. IXLMS Its a company name, an emerging business solution provider. Sofsol Its a company name. Non-Contrived If the research is completed in the natural environment where work carry on normally. Judgmental Sampling The sample based on the researcher thinking who they think would be suitable for the study. Questionnaire Tool A questionnaire is a research instrument consisting of a sequence of questions that help in collecting the information from respondents. Focus Group a research in which a group of people are asked about their observations, views, ideas and attitudes towards a concept. It is usually qualitative research. Null Hypothesis It is normally offer a general or default position, such as that there is no relationship between two measured facts, or that an imminent treatment has no effect or no impact. T-Test A t-test is a statistical hypothesis test in which the test statistics go after a students t distribution if the null hypothesis is carried. OJT OJT stands for On-the-Job Training which is a form of training received in a normal working work place. CHAPTER TWO Research Method and Procedure RESEARCH DESIGN METHODS The research is designed in a way that all aspects of interest as well as efficient data collection are kept under consideration. It is also to cover the entire important facet related to managers leadership skills that help in improving the employees performance and organization productivity. 2.1.1 Purpose of the Study The study is descriptive research in nature. The purpose is to discover the impact of the leadership skills of a manager thats helps in enhancing the employees performance and improving the organization structure in terms of its productivity. 2.1.2 Study Setting It is a field study as it examining the effect of leadership skills. The study setting is non-contrived in nature. 2.1.3 Unit of Analysis Unit of analysis are two organization IXLMS and SOFSOL. Both are business solution providers. RESPONDENTS OF THE STUDY The respondents can easily be identified. Our respondent includes Managers and Subordinates working in IXLMS and Sofsol organizations. To have a diverse sample, we choose individuals, belonging to different departments (like Finance, IT, Administration, sales and HR) having different functional responsibilities. We have categorized the target population into following two groups according to their role in an organization: Managers Subordinates 2.2.1 Sampling Frame The samples are selected from HR repository of each of above mentioned organizations. 2.2.2 Sampling Procedure For our study, we have used Judgmental Sampling we have purposely handpicked individuals from the population based on our knowledge and judgment. Also, we have obtained the information from a very specific group of people for which this method is most feasible. We have chosen limited number of people that have expertise in the area being studied. 2.2.3 Sample Size The sample size for this exercise estimated to be 54 respondents which include both managers and subordinates. RESEARCH INSTRUMENT The instruments include the primary and secondary sources of the data. Primary Sources We choose both Focus- Group and Questionnaire tool as our primary source of data. We have arranged a focus group in IXLMS organization and questionnaire survey tool in SOFSOL organization, where individuals from different departments participated. In-depth questions were asked and the responses were recorded. The reason being the Focus Group discussions on a specific topic at a particular location and at a specified time, it gives the opportunity to capture spontaneous responses. This focus group unstructured responses reflect the genuine opinions, ideas and feelings of the respondents about the topic under study. Whereas the questionnaire survey will be a useful step as to encapsulate the answers/responses in a pie chart and bar chart form. The online survey questionnaire is floated in SOFSOL organization for collecting data from managers and subordinates. The responses results are shared in chapter 4 and the survey can be viewed online by following the links: For Managers: http://tiny.cc/ManagersSurvey For Subordinates: http://tiny.cc/DirectsSurvey The questions were designed in such a way that it allows free flow of information from the minds of our target population. This allows us to attain quantitative data that can help in the analysis of our hypothesis. The questionnaire will help in investigating the related matters of the research, which includes all the related questions about the manager and subordinates that reveals the major aspects of the leadership skills. 2.3.2 Secondary Sources The Secondary sources include the following: Newspapers, Books, articles, magazines Other Publications like company reviews. World Wide Web, Internet TREATMENT OF THE DATA The analysis will be done on the basis of the data gathered by visiting the organization IXLMS, SOFSOL and information that revealed by them. The data that is gathered will be analyzed by the use of mathematical tools such as tables, percentages and graphs. T-Testing of hypothesis will be conducted in order to know the impact of leadership skills on subordinate performance and organizational productivity. CHAPTER THREE Review of Related Literature Studies 3.1 LOCAL LITERATURE There are many duties predictable of a leader. Leadership is not only about being the face man. It is not only about bestowing orders. It is not even about grasp the blame. Good leadership is a challenging, all rounder role that want commitment, skill, intelligence and most important of all, leadership qualities and abilities. All managers want to have good quality subordinates. A lot has been on paper about this topic. It is not only about the power of the boss, but in many cases, it is about the gift to lead. Leadership is so very different from being dominant. Some bosses believe that good leadership means that they set a good example. If they put a good example, they are good leaders. I think that is a little too simplistic. If you desire good subordinates, you must first be a good leader. That leadership expands too many aspects of your interaction with and your management of the people. When you first begin working, you are skilled to toe the line, that your boss is always right; my way or the highway. Abruptly, if you want your people to imagine out of the box, the easiest technique to achieve this is, dont generate the box in the first place. You are inquired to think out of the box. For a moment this happens that you select someone as your leader. He is going to be your direct light and fetch you across the desert. You rejoice your new leader. Then the party is over and the journey begins. What happens? If this were a democratic system, then the leader sets a direction, say, south, and everyone votes on it. If it were Moses, he just ups and moves on and everyone follows. One is a leader, the other is a coordinator. Do you own a car that is red on the front and polka dotted pink behind? You would if you allowed your 3 year old girl to decide on half the colors. If you did not paint the back polka dotted pink, she will be unhappy. At some point, a leader has to take responsibility for his decisions. Everyone will have their own beliefs. A good leader understands and accepts that. To be firm that everyone shares exactly the same opinion and everyone to have the same decision, is not factual leadership. When we consider of leaders, we think of someone who has vision. He has the big depiction. He knows where he is going away. Leaders are not essential. This might appear as a surprise, but it is true. A good manager require not be a good leader in some situation. You would see this most often in large, technical organizations. Management is about competence and effectiveness. Leadership is about motivation and vision. Leaders deal with public. Managers deal with procedures. Which is why, to be a good leader, you need to have a good level of people handling skills. There are some foremost leaders who simply bull-doze their way through the team. In a disaster situation, that might work. But it can only be continued for a short while. Imagine yourself under the oppression of your supervisor, day in and day out; would you place for it? To be a good quality leader, you need to understand your people. But to be a great leader, you need to not only understand them, but to know how to bring out the best in them. Before you can encourage and motivate, you need to understand. However, if you stop at merely understanding them, but not knowing how to bring them to the next level, then you are a unlucky leader. Managers are power figures. They must be followed. They are in their positions through seniority, loyalty to the company or a million other reasons good and bad. Leaders, on the other hand, are people whom the group prefers to follow. They may have no organizational authority, but they motivate the group with their vision and obsession. Sometimes, when natural leaders appear, managers feel threatened, especially if its their group that is concerned. A good manager knows how to use and control the normal leaders. I would like to suggest that for anyone to be a good leader, there are certain basic competencies that are desirable. A lot of focus has always been put on the personality of a leader, the tasks and the roles f a leader. These are important or not important, depending on what theory you pledge to. However, I would suggest that there are some basics that any leader must have. This is despite of the leadership type, leadership style and so on. There are basic competencies that a leader should to have. I have tried to sort them out and have put them into five basic competencies: technical competence operational competence financial competence people competence strategic competence A manager basically directs resources to complete prearranged goals or projects. For example, a manager may connect in hiring, training, and scheduling employees in order to attaining the work in the most efficient and cost effective manner probable. A manager believes in a failure if he/she is not able to complete the project or goals with effectiveness or when the cost turns out to be too high. On the other hand, a leader within a company build up individuals in order to complete preset goals and projects. A leader build up relationships with his/her employees by building communication, inducing images of success, and by bring forth loyalty. 3.2 FOREIGN LITERATURE There are several definitions of leadership, and the term leadership could mean different things to different people (see Bass, 1990 and Rost, 1993). There was evidence that leadership is a function of knowing yourself, having a vision that is well communicated, building trust among colleagues, and taking effective action to realize your own leadership potential (Bennis, 2003; 1989). Moorhead and Griffin (1998) suggested that leadership could be defined in two terms of both process and property. As a process, leader is the use of non-coercive influence to direct and coordinated the activities of group members to meet a goal. As a property, leadership is the set of characteristics attributed those who are perceived to use such influence successfully. 3.2.1 Leadership Personality Qualities and Traits Researchers and scholars present a number of leadership personality traits (see Atwater and Yammarino, 1993; Kirkpatrick and Locke, 1991). In this study, however, seven leadership factors were chosen to measure the subordinates performance outcomes. Based mostly on Dubrin et al. (2006) work, the traits seem to be relevant to subordinates performance. Dubrin et al. (2006) indicated that it is important for the leader to be realistically self-confident. A leader must project his/her self-confidence to the group. Self-confidence is not only personality characteristic; it also refers to the personality trait a person exhibits in a number of situations. It is akin to being cool under pressure. A person is a self-confident leader when he or she retains composure during a crisis (Dubrin et al., 2006). Emotional stability refers to the ability to control emotions to the point that ones emotional responses are appropriate to the occasion (Dubrin et al., 2006). Emotional stability is an important leadership trait because group members expect and need consistency in the way they are treated. The effective leaders are generally calm, confident, and predictable during a crisis (Goleman, 1995). Initiative or being a self-starter refers to taking action without support and stimulation from others, and it also related to problem-finding ability (Dubrin et. al., 2006). As conceptualized by Kirkpatrick and Locke (1991), initiative refers to the proactive side of leadership. Rather than just reacting to events, effective leaders make choices and take action that leads to change. A leader is also someone who facilitates change it therefore follows that a leader must be flexible and adaptable enough to cope with change (Dubrin et al., 2006). Corporate leader must be able to adapt to changes. Flexibility, or able to adjust to different situations, has long been recognized as an important leadership characteristic. Almost for all followers, it is desirable for the leader to be enthusiastic (Dubrin et al., 2006). Group members tend to respond positively to enthusiasm, partly because enthusiasm may be perceived as a reward for constructive personality trait. Dubrin et al. (2006) also indicated that leaders displayed their sensitivity and empathy to influence others and to show that the leaders understand their group members. This type of sensitivity to others means understanding whom the group members and what their position on issues is, and how to best communicate with and influence them (Dubrin et al., 2006). Communication skill is another essential leadership requirement. However, managers spent at least 80 percent of every working day in direct communication with others people. In other words, 48 minutes of every hour in spent in meeting, on the telephone, or talking informally while waling around. The other 20 percent of typical managers time spent doing desk work. The communication is an important job of managers (Drft, 2000). 3.2.2 Subordinates Performance: Effectiveness and Productivity Manager can use motivation theory to help satisfy subordinates need and simultaneously encourage high work performance. Draft (1999) suggested that motivation refers to the forces either within or external to a person that arouse enthusiasm and persistence to pursue a certain course of action. There are many meanings of job satisfaction which are defined in many ways, and increasing subordinate satisfaction is important for organization. Yoder (1959) defined job satisfaction as the degree to which employees feeling that he or she like or dislike in work and working condition. Beer (1964) said that job satisfaction is the employees expectation that affection the job, organization, colleague, and working condition. Robbins (2003) suggested that job satisfaction is the degree to which employee feel positively or negatively about their job. It is an attitude that response to work itself, compensation, supervision, co-workers, job security, and advancement opportunity. Muenjohn and Armstrong (2001) found that leadership influences employee satisfaction. Employees are more satisfied when their managers are good leaders. This includes motivating employees to do a good job, striving for excellence or just taking action. Many people may be confused what the difference between effectiveness and efficiency is. Scholars defined effectiveness as the degree to which an organization realizes its goals, while efficiency is a more limited concept that pertains to the internal working of the organization and is defined as the amount of resources used to produce a unit of output (Moorhead and Griffin, 1998). It is leaders responsibility to ensure that their subordinates can achieve a high level of both effectiveness and efficiency. Managers or leaders have been aware it important that their firms maintain high levels of productivity. Productivity of an organization is a primary determinate of the firms level of profitability and, ultimately, its ability to survive (Griffin, 1996). Griffin (1996) said that in a general sense, productivity means an economic measure of efficiency that summarizes what is produced relative to the inputs used to produce them. 3.3 COMPANY LITERATURE People are 4 times more capable than we think, but only if they unleash their full potential of creativity, innovation, productivity, motivation commitment. Organizations are public systems where human resources are the most important factors for success and efficiency; they need efficient managers and employees to attain their goals. The victory or failure of an organization is decided by human beings, thus management is anxious with this human resources matter. In other words, a companys human resources can be the distinguishing factor between success and failure. It is for this reason that there is great importance on the leadership of managers. Good manager direct subordinates to work effectively in the direction of organizational goals and targets. Organizational success in obtaining its goals and objectives depends on managers leadership skills, traits and behavior. By using appropriate tactics managers can affect subordinates job satisfaction, commitment and productivity. Organizational values can be viewed as a series of managerial attitudes, behaviors, characteristics and skills based on individual, leadership interests and reliability of employees in different situations. The managers leadership ability to adjust him with changing environment internally or externally and lead a group of subordinates to work together in the workplace is the key to success. Employees at every level of their job make feel about whether they are appreciated and privileged from important way that come from their work environment, particularly those that come from the leaders in a straight line over them. The managers leadership skills and subordinate employees job satisfaction has for all time given high importance in the company. Job satisfaction is linked to the feeling of employees and can be partial by leadership factors of their supervisor or employer. 3.3.1 Competencies Are Growing From Leading Individuals to Organizations Leading in successively larger framework from individuals to groups to organization-wide efforts, need successively better sets of competencies. For example, core competencies are the least needed in leading others, whether other individuals, in groups or organization-wide efforts. To actually be effectual at leading other individuals, people should have the core competencies plus certain other competencies to lead individuals. 3.3.2 Issues of Identifying Competencies Desired by Leaders The exact competencies i.e. knowledge, skills and abilities that a person desires in order to lead at a specific time in an organization depend on a variety of factors, including: if that person is leading one other individual, a group or a large organization, The degree of leadership skills that person already has, That persons fundamental nature and values, competencies should be selected that are in accord with that nature and those values, if the group or organization is for-benefit or non benefit, new or long-established, and large or small, The actual culture or values and associated behaviors of whoever is being guided. The above deliberation can make it very difficult when trying to decide what competencies someone should have in order to be a good leader. Maybe thats why leadership training programs in institutions typically claim a set of standard competencies. Leadership is a main issue or the challenge in the growth of groups, organizations and states. 3.4 SUMMARY OF THE LITERATURE REVIEW Employees plays significantly important role to drive in the organization achieve its goals and employees performance effects directly to the companys outputs. However, keep up a good performance and motivating workers are not the easy things to do and that the responsibilities of managers to lead control, guide, and monitor their followers or subordinate performances. Organizations may endeavor to satisfy employees by offering sufficient compensation program, safe and friendly work environment. But, the subordinate could not have the good and efficient performance without the good leader. If the company would like to achieve its goals and targets, it must have a good leader or effective leader because of the leader holds responsible for failure or the success of the whole organization and leaders hold the liability for the performance of the individual and group within the organization. It is also emphasis that the subordinates satisfaction, productivity, and effectiveness can be influenced by the leadership personality traits of the manager. Manager motivation or encouragement towards subordinates which is one of the leadership skills also has an effect on the productivity of the organization. 3.5 AREA FOR FURTHER STUDY Due to limited resources the research will be restricted in finding the impact of manager leadership skills on subordinate performance and organizational productivity in Karachi two organizations only; In order to broad the scope of the project one can discover the correlation between the leadership factors and subordinates outcomes as well. However to obtain the best available result further projective techniques such as time series analysis and regression will be used to project the findings of the study in different organization overall in Pakistan. CHAPTER FOUR Presentation Analysis 4.1 CRITERIA FOR THE ANALYSIS We employed two survey tools (Focus group and Questionnaire) for gathering data, and following are the Qualitative (used for Focus Group) and Quantitative matrixes (used for Questionnaire Survey tool) developed on that data. 4.2 QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS In order to quantify the qualitative data gathered through the focus group participants, as per the responses collected I have generalized the results in each of the following category as follows: 4.2.1. Personality Traits Personality traits defines how directs and managers analyze their personality with respect to leadership. The respondents response was 100%in this case. They all believed that their managers have the necessary traits to become a leader. 4.2.2. Practice leadership

Geico Advertising Appeals Essay

Out of the many appeals that companies use to advertise their product or service, the need to achieve is one of the most commonly seen. In our highly competitive society, everybody is trying to get ahead. Everybody is looking for that little advantage that will push them forward. The appeal of achievement correlates with success and winning, ideas that represent the outcomes of hard work on which people like to pride themselves. In many of their ads, Geico likes to tap into our competitive nature by offering us incentives, such as saving time and money, which speak specifically to our consumer culture. Such a tactic proves to be effective because for the most part, consumers in our ambitious society like to be frugal and fiscally responsible. Nobody wants to spend an extra dime if they do not have to. Simultaneously, customers do not want to spend all day looking for the perfect insurance. Read more: The woman I admire the most essay They know that time is a finite resource and it must be spent wisely. In order to persuade customer’s into buying their insurance, Geico effectively utilizes the achievement appeal because it resonates with their goals of saving time and money. In most of Geico’s commercials, they are able to address their audiences need to achieve with a simple slogan: â€Å"15 minutes could save you 15 percent or more on your car insurance.† This message that sells their customer’s on their service, however, is not seen until the end of the commercial. For most of the commercial the time is spent entertaining the audience in a humorous way. Take for example the viral â€Å"Hump Day† commercial. Throughout the ad, a camel who can talk walks through an office building asking and bugging the workers about â€Å"What day is it?† Since he is a camel with a ‘humped’ or arched back, the advertisers suggest that that the camel is referring to ‘Hump Day’ or in other words, Wednesday. This is followed up by two men who are playing the guitar with each other. In an attempt to illustrate the point of the commercial, one of them asks the other â€Å"how happy are people who switch their car insurance to Geico?† which is then followed up by â€Å"happier than a camel on ‘Hump Day.† Although the appeal of humor is meant to grab the attention of the target audience, their main reason for choosing to use Geico’s service is the feeling of achievement that they derive. In Jib Fowles’ essay â€Å"Advertising’s Fifteen Basic Appeals† he cites ‘the need to achieve’ as one of the 15 strategies which enable advertisers to reach their audience. For most consumers, the market place is seen as a competitive territory where whomever comes out having spent the least amount of money is the victor. Thus, Geico effectively advertises its service by highlighting the opportunity to â€Å"save 15 percent or more on your car insurance† by switching to Geico. Not only do they illustrate the money that can be saved, but also the time. Along with the ’15 percent’ that can be saved, Geico also mentions that this can be done in ’15 minutes;’ a relatively short amount of time . As a consequence, Geico puts their consumers in a win-win situation because â€Å"the person who manages to buy something at fifty percent off is seizing an opportunity and coming out ahead of others† while they enable them to do it in an efficient manner (Fowles). Geico’s use of the ‘need to achieve’ appeal is characterized as the most reasonable way to solicit their service as it takes nothing away from their customer, while it gives them everything in return; they don’t have anything to lose. However, humor, which Fowles labels as a stylistic feature, is most prominent in order to incite the interest of car owners. This commercial, in particular, is known for its comedic success. The ridiculous camel has become a viral sensation as it is now considered amusing to yell out â€Å"Hump Day† on a Wednesday. In fact, the commercial has over 16 million views on Youtube. Ultimately, Geico does a great job of exposing its overall message about achievement sense the build up to their trademark slogan is so appealing in itself. If 16 million people know about a camel yelling â€Å"hump day,† then 16 million people know about the time and money that can be saved by using Geico’s insurance. Jibs’ appeal of achievement is one that correlates completely with our society. We constantly strive to compete and win while we admire those who reach the pentacle of their field or profession; even if it is about something as minimal as saving money . Geico, in particular, gives people the incentive to achieve by offering people them the opportunity to save their time and money, and they respond accordingly. However, it is not the promise of ‘getting ahead’ alone that attracts their target audience; humor, is a fundamental component that is used to grab and keep the customer’s attention. Apparently, Geico does this better than anyone. What better way is there of holding a car owner’s attention then by having an obnoxious, talking camel yell â€Å"Hump Day!†? That was a rhetorical question; there is not a better way. Geico is just the best.

Pest Analysis

PEST analysis: Political: Australia is a type of democratic country and it is stable politically. The characteristics of Australian government such as transparency and having low level of corruption, and being internationally competitiveness helps Australia to have the lowest rank of political instability in Asia-Pacific and it standing on bottom fourth position in the world in political instability (Australian government 2009). Therefore this factor is an advantage and an opportunity for the companies that operate within Australia and for the people who invest in these kinds of companies. Economic:Australia has one of the most stable economies in the world. According to Economist magazine Australia’s GDP in 2012 was about 1. 5 trillion USD and it becomes the 12th country in the world. During the last global financial crisis in 2007 most of the countries such as US, and European countries were suffering and their economic factors such as GDP, Interest rate, growth, inflation w ent downwards and were in recession, but Australian government could control the situation by implementing strategies that helped small businesses and individuals and kept the economy stable (Economist magazine 2013).So the Australian government made an opportunity out of the financial crisis which was a threat for the whole economy and now is one of the best countries for investment with a very low risk. Social: According to Australian Bureau of Statistics census in 2011 there was 3. 5 million student in this country both international and domestics (Australian Bureau of Statistics 2013). So these students are the customer base for Mynetfone at the moment as residential customers and they can be the potential business users in near future.As Australia has a good rate of economy growth, more businesses wanted to operate in this country and as a result they will need more services for their business such as internet, phone etc. Technological: Mynetfone owned Symbio network in 2009 wh ich has the largest VoIP network providing wholesale carrier service to Australian industry in Australia that using number porting, cloud based hosted PBX service, call termination, call origination and many other infrastructure enable services. The Symbio work in wholesale and Mynetfone work on retail sections (Mynetfone 2013).

The Effects Of Gemcitabine Resistance On Patients With...

Gemcitabine (2,2-diï ¬â€šuoro 2-deoxycytidine, dFdC) is a deoxycytdine analog; a prodrug with activity against non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), small cell lung cancer (SCLC), ovarian and pancreatic cancers (Hertel et al., 1990; Braakhuis et al., 1995; Boven et al.,1993; Merriman et al., 1996; Jansen et al., 1995) Pancreatic cancer tumor [1 2 ref]. Nowadays gemcitabine is signified as a single agent in the treatment of patients with metastatic pancreatic cancer [2], (2,2-diï ¬â€šuoro 2-deoxycytidine, dFdC) is an analogue of cytosine arabinoside (Ara-C) from which it vary structurally due to its ï ¬â€šuorine substituents on position 29of the furanose ring [ref 1]. Gemcitabine has a gold drug standard and has very similar activation step as of ara-C but with more complicated mechanism and with more cellular targets. Gemcitabine resistance is the biggest problem in the chemotherapy of cancer patients, alterations in the cellular target of the gemcitabine results in decreased sensitivity of the drug. There many factors involved in the resistance of gemcitabine and thus, a thus a thorough study is required for better understanding of the mechanisms determining its activation and development of resistance. This paper / article / review deals with the mechanisms involving pharmacology of gemcitabine. [ref 2 3] Gemcitabine Pharmacology: Transport / Uptake of Gemcitabine : Gemcitabine a nucleoside analogue is hydrophilic in nature and requires an active uptake through the cellShow MoreRelatedEffects Of Matrix Stiffness On Primary Pancreatic Cancer Cells734 Words   |  3 Pages3. Results (620-current730) 3.1 Softer substrate regulates proliferation of primary pancreatic cancer cells To study the effects of matrix stiffness on primary pancreatic cell proliferation, we first developed a 2D hydrogel system with stiffness (SSM) that mimic those of healthy pancreatic tissue and cancerous pancreas previously characterized. Briefly, the cancerous pancreatic tissue had a larger range of SSM (2kPa – 30kPa) and a higher average SSM than normal tissue (0.8 – 4 kPa). ConsequentlyRead MoreUnusual Presentation Of Metastatic Sebaceous Carcinoma2680 Words   |  11 PagesCASE REPORT Unusual presentation of metastatic sebaceous carcinoma and its response to chemotherapy: is genotyping a right answer for guiding chemotherapy in rare tumours? V. Kumar MD* and Y. Xu MD PhD†  METASTATIC SEBACEOUS CARCINOMA: PRESENTATION AND CHEMOTHERAPY, Kumar and Xu Correspondence to: Vivek Kumar, Department of Medicine, 4802 10th Avenue, Floor 3, Maimonides Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York 11219 U.S.A. E-mail: vivkumar@maimonidesmed.org :: DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3747/co.22.2467Read MoreNanotechnology and Natural Products as Novel Anti-cancer Therapy3247 Words   |  13 Pagesapproaches and agents against certain types of cancer that are urgently needed. Some of the new agents use highly advanced technology utilizing nanoencapsulation that will improve the therapeutic index of the natural drugs. Nanoparticles for cancer therapeutics are rapidly evolving and are being introduced in an attempt to overcome several limitations of conventional small-molecule chemotherapeutics. Though chemotherapy is successful to some extent in certain cancers, it has several limitations (14). I will